Ischemic Stroke among the Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease Who Were Undergoing Maintenance Dialysis

PURPOSE In spite of higher incidence of stroke in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients compared to general population, the risk factor for stroke which is specific to ESRD is not fully understood. The ESRD patients who develop stroke may have certain additional risk factors compared to ESRD patients without stroke. We used registered data of Hallym Stroke Registry to elucidate the factors which affect development of ischemic stroke among the dialysis patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We recruited patients with acute ischemic stroke in ESRD patients undergoing maintenance dialysis. Dialysis patients without stroke were selected as control group with age and gender matching. We compared the demographic features, stroke risk factors, and laboratory findings in ESRD patients with or without ischemic stroke. RESULTS The total of 25 patients with ESRD developed ischemic stroke. Fifty ESRD patients without stroke were chosen as the control group. The mean age of acute ischemic stroke patients was 59.80±9.94 and male gender was 48%. The most common ischemic stroke subtype was small vessel occlusion (n=12), followed by large artery atherosclerosis (n=7). The patients with stroke had more frequent history of hypertension and higher systolic/diastolic blood pressure at the time of admission than the ESRD patients without stroke. Total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels were significantly lower in the stroke group. In multivariate analysis, LDL-cholesterol was found to be the only risk factor for ischemic stroke. CONCLUSION The results of our study reveal that LDL-cholesterol is associated with greater risk for ischemic stroke in the patients on dialysis.